Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (19 November 1917-31 October 1984) was the Prime Minister of the Republic of India for 3 consecutive innings from 1966 to 1977 and then in the fourth innings from 1980 to 1984 until her political assassination of India. She was the Prime Minister. She was the first and the only female Prime Minister of India. Her Born surname was Nehru.
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Indira Gandhi Early life and career
Indira was born into the politically influential Nehru family on 19 November 1917. [1] Her father was Jawaharlal Nehru and her mother was Kamala Nehru.
Indira received her “Gandhi” surname after her marriage to Feroze Gandhi. [2] She had neither blood nor relationship with Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi by marriage. His grandfather Motilal Nehru was a prominent Indian nationalist leader. His father Jawaharlal Nehru was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and was the first Prime Minister of independent India.
After completing her schooling in 1934–35, Indira joined the Visva-Bharati University, built by Rabindranath Tagore in Shantiniketan. Rabindranath Tagore named him “Priyadarshini”. She then moved to England and sat for the University of Oxford entrance examinations, but failed in that and after spending a few months at the Badminton School in Bristol, she joined Somerville College, Oxford after succeeding in the exams in 1937.
During this time he often met Feroze Gandhi, whom he knew from Allahabad and who was studying at the London School of Economics. He was finally married to Feroze on 16 March 1942 in a private Adi Dharma Brahmo-Vedic ceremony at Anand Bhawan, Allahabad. After coming back to India from Oxford in 1941, she joined the Indian independence movement.
She served her father as a non-official private assistant during her father’s tenure as India’s first Prime Minister in the 1950s. He was appointed as a Rajya Sabha member in 1964 after the death of his father. She then became the Information and Broadcasting Friend in Lal Bahadur Shastri’s cabinet.
After the sudden demise of Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Congress Party President K.K. Kamaraj was instrumental in making Indira Gandhi the Prime Minister. Gandhi soon showed his ability to win elections as well as dominate the opponents through publicity. She brought more conservative economic policies and encouraged agricultural productivity.
He imposed the Emergency in 1975 in a situation of instability in the period following a decisive victory in the Indo-Pak war of 1971. He and the Congress Party faced defeat for the first time in the 1977 general election. After returning to power in 1980, she was engaged in a growing conflict with most of the Punjab separatists, leading to her political assassination in 1984 by her own bodyguards.
Indira Gandhi Early life
Indira was born on November 19, 1917, to Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and his wife Kamala Nehru. She was his only child. The Nehru family can treat their ancestors in Jammu and Kashmir and Delhi Brahmins. Indira’s grandfather Motilal Nehru was a wealthy barrister from Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh.
Jawaharlal Nehru was one of the very prominent members of the Indian National Congress in the past. His father Motilal Nehru was a popular leader of the Indian freedom struggle. During Indira’s birth, Jawaharlal Nehru joined the freedom movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
Her upbringing, under the overall supervision of her mother, who remained separated from the home-related work of the Nehru family due to her illness, developed a strong personality in Indira along with strong protective tendencies. His grandfather and father’s constant involvement in national politics also made it difficult for him to get along with his friends.
Along with his own siblings (father’s sisters) who also had Vijayalakshmi Pandit, there was opposition and it continued in the political world as well.
His mother Kamala Nehru finally died in 1936 after a long struggle with tuberculosis. Indira was then 18 years old and thus never had the experience of a stable family life in her childhood. He studied at major Indian, European and British schools, such as Shantiniketan, Badminton School and Oxford.
During her studies at Oxford University, England, Somerville College, in the late 1930s, she became a member of the Indian League, a staunch supporter of freedom based in London. Indira Gandhi as a Indian National Congress President
Indira contested elections during 1959 and 1960 and was elected President of the Indian National Congress. His tenure was eventless. She was playing the role of her father’s chief of staff.
Nehru died on May 27, 1964 and Indira contested the election on the inspiration of the new Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri and was immediately appointed to the Minister for Information and Broadcasting, joining the government. She went to Chennai after rioting broke out in the non-Hindi speaking states of the south on the issue of Hindi becoming the national language. There he consulted with government officials, tempered the anger of community leaders and supervised reconstruction efforts in the affected areas.
Shastri and senior ministers were embarrassed for their lack of such efforts. Minister Gandhi’s footsteps were probably not aimed directly at Shastri or for his own political heights. She was reportedly lacking enthusiasm in the daily work of the ministry, but she was communicative-oriented and skilled in politics and the art of preparing images.
During the struggle between Mrs. Gandhi and her rivals, the Central Congress [party] leadership for succession after 1965, many state and state Congress [party] organizations removed upper caste leaders by replacing them with backward castes. Get mobilized to collect the votes of the castes so that their opposition and opponents in the state Congress [party] can be defeated.
The consequences of these interventions, some of which may be considered appropriate socially progressive achievements, however, often led to intensifying inter-ethnic regional conflicts
When the 1965 India-Pakistan war was going on, Indira was present in the Srinagar border area. Although the army warned that the Pakistani subaltern had reached very close pace to the city, they rejected their proposal to resettle in Jammu or Delhi and instead went round the local government and welcomed the media’s attention. Lal Bahadur Shastri died just hours after signing a peace deal with Ayub Khan of Pakistan in Soviet mediation in Tashkent.